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Worksheet #3

Hemimetabolous Insects

1.   The life stages of a hemimetabolous insect are:   egg => nymph => adult
What physical characteristics could you use to distinguish a hemimetabolous nymph from an ametabolous young?
  Compound eyes
  Antennae
  Wing pads
  All of these

2.   Very primitive hemimetabolous insects cannot fold their wings over the back.   This is known as the paleopterous condition (meaning primitive wing).   Most paleopterous orders are extinct — only two have survived to the present day.   Match their common names with their correct order names:

Dragonflies  
Mayflies
Damselflies

3.   Both paleopterous orders have aquatic immatures.   An aquatic nymph is often called a naiad.   Ephemeroptera naiads are herbivores;   Odonata naiads are predators.   What special adaptation do Odonata naiads have for catching prey?
  Raptorial front legs
  Hinged labium
  Pincer-like mandibles
  Hook-shaped maxillae

4.   All other winged insects are said to be neopterous (new wing).   They can fold the wings down flat (unless they are secondarily wingless).   In the table below, which hemimetabolous orders are classified as Polyneoptera and which are Paraneoptera?

    Polyneoptera    

    Order Name    

    Paraneoptera    

Blattodea
Hemiptera
Psocodea
Isoptera
Zoraptera

5.   Most hemimetabolous insects are scavengers or herbivores.   In the table below, identify the three orders that contain exceptions to this rule.   What special adaptations do these insects have for a predatory or parasitic lifestyle?

  Zoraptera
 Embioptera
 Blattodea
 Mantodea
  Psocodea
  Isoptera
  Orthoptera
  Plecoptera
 Phasmatodea
  Dermaptera
  Hemiptera
  Grylloblattodea